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KUCHING: Sarawak’s rivers, known for their natural beauty and cultural significance, are now facing a growing challenge—an increase in human-crocodile conflicts that has sparked concerns about public safety.
The saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) population, once in decline due to heavy hunting in the 1980s, has made a strong recovery thanks to conservation efforts. However, this rebound has led to more frequent encounters with humans, sometimes with tragic consequences. The lesser-known Tomistoma schlegelii also shares these waters, further adding to Sarawak’s rich biodiversity.
Sarawak is not just home to these reptiles—it’s a state deeply connected to crocodiles through folklore, such as the legend of Bujang Senang, and traditional beliefs in the healing properties of crocodile body parts. But as their numbers grow, so do the risks.
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Between 2000 and 2020, Sarawak recorded 164 crocodile attacks, averaging nearly eight cases per year. In recent years, incidents have remained troubling. Six fatal attacks were reported in both 2022 and 2023. The year 2021 saw the highest number of fatalities, with nine deaths.
Tragedy struck again in December 2024 when a 15-year-old boy was killed by a crocodile in the Samariang area. Just a day earlier, a fisherman in Kuala Baram suffered the same fate, his body discovered four days later.
Experts believe urbanization, plantations, and human activity along riverbanks are shrinking crocodile habitats, reducing their natural food sources, and triggering more conflicts. A recent survey revealed mixed opinions on how to handle the rising crocodile population—49% supported culling, 27% preferred monitoring, while 24% suggested relocating aggressive crocodiles to safer areas like sanctuaries.
A Balanced Approach Needed
Experts stress the importance of a balanced strategy that safeguards both the people and crocodiles of Sarawak. Regular monitoring of crocodile populations, habitat conservation, and public education are key. Collaboration between government agencies, local communities, and conservationists is crucial.
By fostering public awareness and implementing river safety protocols, Sarawak can work towards peaceful coexistence, ensuring that its rivers remain both a safe haven for humans and a sanctuary for its iconic crocodiles.